Personality Simulation Is Coming

When you’re extremely agreeable like me, you often end up sipping coffee with strangers you meet over email.

“Hey, do you want to do coffee?” is a sentence I can’t say no to for reasons of temperament. If you’re my college roommate’s first cousin who happens to be starting an AI business, my agreeableness kicks in, and I find my hands typing “When and where?? I’d love to…” before the rest of my brain even knows what happened. 

For me, doing my email is as dangerous as a gambling addict walking up to a slot machine with a briefcase full of dollar bills. Opening every email is like pulling the lever, and if there’s a Calendly inside, I’ve hit the jackpot. If I didn’t devise strategies to pump the brakes on this habit, I’d have wall-to-wall coffee meetings until Q4 of 2025.

I know what you’re thinking: if I like coffee meetings so much I should’ve just been a VC. It pays better, and my parents would be able to explain to their friends what I do. To which I reply: I don’t really like coffee meetings; I just can’t say no to them. 

I’m not trying to be this way. It’s an innate feature of my personality. As I mentioned above, psychologists call this personality trait agreeableness. Agreeableness manifests as “behavior that is perceived as kind, sympathetic, cooperative, warm, frank, and considerate.” (Good!) But there’s a dark side.

People dislike people pleasers and wish to expel them from groups. Agreeable employees earn significantly less over their lifetimes than their disagreeable peers. Agreeable people seem to be more judgmental than their disagreeable peers—they just might not say anything about it. (This one checks out.)

Here’s the other unfortunate problem: personality traits like this are fairly stable over a lifetime. In fact, agreeableness generally increases as you get older. Uh oh.

There is one hope for me, though: AI Dan. 

As AI advances, its ability to model personalities is increasingly good. It can mimic the different facets of my personality—my agreeableness, neuroticism, openness to experience, and more—to such a degree that it can predict what I might say in response to my emails. And if it can predict that, it might allow me to tune my temperament in the same way that I might adjust the volume on my phone.

And that would change my life—and yours—immensely. Let me explain.

What is personality?

Personality is how you behave independent of a particular situation. It’s sort of like what would happen if you took a long-exposure photograph of yourself moving around your living room. You’d see your blurry outline in all of the areas you usually go to—your favorite corner of the couch, the door to your kitchen—and you’d also see the empty spaces where you don’t go—the plant you haven’t watered in three months. 

This photo wouldn’t allow you to predict where you are at any given minute of the day, but it would give you a snapshot of where you tend to be on average.

That’s what personality is: it’s a blurry snapshot describing your behavior over long periods of time independent of context. There are many ways to break down personality, but the most popular and scientifically validated is called the Big Five. It describes five major personality traits:

• Openness to experience: how creative, imaginative, curious, and receptive to new ideas you are
• Conscientiousness: how organized, responsible, dependable, self-disciplined, and planning-oriented you are
• Extraversion: how outgoing, sociable, energetic, assertive, and action-oriented you are
• Agreeableness: how kind, affable, cooperative, and empathetic you are
• Neuroticism: how much you experience anxiety, anger, depression, and emotional instability

Personality is measured by personality tests: quizzes that ask you about how you behave and feel day to day. Based on your responses, the quiz can tell you how agreeable, conscientious, or neurotic you are relative to other people. There’s a lot of debate about the scientific status of personality tests in general, but the Big 5 is fairly scientific. Studies suggest that Big 5 traits are heritable, consistent across cultures, and can predict important life outcomes like job performance, relationship success, and academic achievement.

But as of 2023, it’s not just humans who have personalities. LLMs have them, too.

LLMs can take on a personality

In a paper published in July called “Personality Traits in Large Language Models,” DeepMind scientists examined whether they could get LLMs to accurately simulate and change its personality based on the prompt. The answer is yes.